Nuxurka
Geedi socodka doorashada dadban waxaa wiiqay jileyaal badan ee ka bilowda dawladda dhexe, kuwa gobollada, iyo dad u tartamayay kuraas. Laaluush, handadaad, bedelid liisaaska ergada, iyo been abuur cad ayaa saameeyay inta badan kiisaska aan barnay.
Cod gadashada ma ahan uun guuldarro siyaasadeed ee waxey tahay qatar ammaan oo aad u ballaaran: waxey wadada u furtaa kooxo burcad ah ee arrinka ka faa’iideeysta ee kuraas u iibiyo dad iyaga ka tirsan.
Nidaamka khilaafaadka lagu xaliyo inta badan ma aysan shaqeyn –marki ay shaqeeysane, waxaa kahortagga hoggaamiyeyaasha siyaasadda iyagoo diida go’aankooda. Tani waxey su’aal ku keeneeysaa waxtarka iyo madaxbanaanida guddiyada doorashooyinka dadban.
Geedi socodka wuxuu muujiyay in wax aanan aheyn in ummadda dhan ay codeyso uusan yareey karin saameeynta uu cod gadashada ku yeelan karo natiijada doorashada; si walbo ha ahaatee, nidaamka hadda jira wuxuu u farsameeysan yahay cod gadashada sababtoo ah madaxweeynaha dadka si toos ah uma soo dooran doonaan xitaa doorasho guud hadii ay dhacdo.
Inta aysan dhicin doorashooyink 2021, waa in dib u eegis lagu sameeyaa dastuurka hadda jira inta aanan la ansixin oo laga dhigaa in madaxweeynaha ay si toos ah dadweeynaha u soo doortaan.
Hordhac
11 bilood ee sanadkan ka mid ah, marqaati waxey Heshiiska Daacadnimada la saxiixday jileyaalka siyaasadda ee Soomaaliya. Waxaa saxiixay Heshiiska musharaxiintaan soo socda: 6 ka socda Somaliland;9 ka socda Galmudug; 20 kasocda K/Galbed iyo 20 ka socda Puntland. Sidoo kale, 35 hoggaamiye dhaqameed iyo 3 musharrax madaxweeyne ayaa saxiixay, iyo in ka badan 30 xisbi siyaasadeed.
Heshiisyada ay saxiixeen shaqsiyaadkaas iyo xisbiyada lama ixtiraamin, qeeyb waxaa ka ah sababtan iyadoo PDP oo ah xisbiga talada hayo iyo Madaxweynaha ay diideen in ay saxiixaan. Markaas laga bilaabo waxaa cadaatay in musuqmaasuq ballaaran uu dhici doono; marqaati waxay halkan ku oogeeysaa waajibkeeda saarnaa iyadoo la eegayo Heshiiska, kaasi oo ahaa in ay ka warbixiso hirgelin la’aanta Heshiiska iyo in ay bixiso talooyin si dhibka hadda dhacay uusan si fudud u soo laaban doorashada 2020/1.
Habka
Waxyaabaha halkan ka muuqda waxay ku salaysan yihiin wareeysiyo lala yeeshay ergada doorashada, dad ka tirsan ololaha musharraxiinta, dad musharraxiin ah, iyo su’aalo ku saabsan habsocodka doorashada oo ay ka jawaabeen in kabadan 50 musharrax iyo hoggaamiye dhaqameed.
Sidoo kale waxaan sameeynay falanqeeyn xaga tirakoobka ah si aan u eegno xiriirka ka dhaxeeyo eedeeymaha ku saabsan qaladaadka iyo inta lagu kala guuleeystay. In kastoo gul yar aysan micnaheedu aheyn in musuqmaasuq uusan dhicin, habkan wuxuu inaga kaalmeeynayaa in aan helno meesha ay isugu yimaadaan eedeeymaha iyo in lagu kala guuleeysto tiro aad u weeyn ee aan caqliga geli karin. Sidoo kale waxaan u isticmaalnay falanqeeyntaan in aan eegno macquulnimada natiijooyinka lagu kala guuleeystay.
Natiijooyinka
Waxaa hoos ku xusan noocyada iyo qaar ka mid ah dhacdooyinka musuqmaasuqa ee ka dhacay geedi socodkan doorashada dadban.
- Handadaad iyo is-hortaagid waxay aheyd caadada geedi socodka
. Hoggaamiye dhaqameedka iyo musharraxiinta waxay soo sheegeen in ay la kulmeen handadaad nidaameeysan oo ay kula kaceen laamaha ammaanka dawladda dhexe iyo dawlad goboleedyo doonayo in ay saameeyaan cidda noqoneysa ergada wax soo doorata. In ka badan 75% dadki su’aalaha ka jawaabay waxay sheegeen in ay filayeen ama ay la kulmeen cabsi galin ama ergo been abuur ah.
Handadaada iyo faragelinta ergada waxey inta badan ka dhacday Jubbaland, K/Galbed, iyo Somaliland (doorashada Muqdisho loogu qabtay). Sababtana waxey aheyd sida muuqata musharraxiinta goboladaas ka soo jeeday ma aheyn kuwa ugu lacagta badan; tusaale ahaan, shaqsiyaadka qaar ee goboladaan ka soo guuleeystay waxey dhiibeen $500 oo laaluush ah kursigii iyadoo HirShabelle kursiga ugu badan ahaa $30,000.
Doorashooyinka qaar ee HirShabelle waxaa la qabtay maalin Jimce ah iyadoo aanan loo sheegin dhammaan musharraxiinta kuwi la rabay mooyaanee. Sidoo kale, musharrax ay diideen kooxda hirgelinta doorashooyinka dadban oo xabado ku riday goobta doorashada ayaa loo oggolaaday in uu tartamo. Wuxuu ku ‘guuleystay’ 88% ee codadka.
Musharraxiinta qaarkood waxaa loo diiday in ay soo galaan goobaha doorashooyinka marki magacooda albaabka la dhigay si laamaha ammaanka ay ka hortagaan in ay soo xaadiraan. Waxyaabahan oo kale waxey ku badnaayeen Jubbaland iyo K/Galbed. Dhanka kale hadii loo eego, lacagaha laaluushka ah ee gobladaas ma aysan badneyn.
Jubbaland waxaa ka dhacday in siyaasi caan ah uu ku guuldareystay aqalka sare lakin uu ku guuleeystay aqalka hoose kadib marki dhammaan musharraxiinta kale ee la tartami laheyd lagu qasbay in ay isaga haraan tartanka ama loo diiday in madasha ay soo xaadiraan. Wuxuu ku guuleystay 98% ee codadka.
- Dad musharraxiin ah ayaa dadka ergada soo xulayay
Hoggaamiye dhaqameedka waxaa laga rabay in ay soo xulaan 50 ergo ka socoto beeshooda ee soo doorata hal musharrax; si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku dhawaad dhammaan kiisaski la eegay, hoggaamiye dhaqameedka waxey beecinayeen ergada oo ay ka gadayeen dadki musharraxiinta ahaa. Mararka qaar musharraxiinta waxey gadanayeen tiro ku filan oo ay ku guuleysan karaan, mararka qaarne dhammaan 50ka ergo ayey gadanayeen.
Tusaale ahaan, hal tartan ee Puntland ka dhacay wuxuu hoggaamiye dhaqameedka musharrax ka iibiyay 16 ergo. Musharraxi wuxu gatay 10 cod ee ah ergo kale wuxuuna ku guuleeystay 26 cod.
Musharraxiinta qaarkood waxey la tartamayeen dad iyaga ay keensadeen kuwaasi oo helay inta u dhaxeysa 7 iyo 0 cod. Musharraxiinta sidan sameyneysay waa kuwa gacanta ku hayay tiro aad u weeyn ee ka mid aheyd ergada sida kor ku xusan.
Dawlad goboleedyada si cad ayey u faragelinayeen liisaska ergada. Tusaale ahaan, hal hoggaamiye dhaqameed ee Galmudug ka soo jeeda wuxuu marqaati u soo diray dood tiro badan ee ku saabsan in ergada uu magacaabay lagu bedelay magacyo kale; cabashadiisa ee uu u diray xalinta khilaafaadka dheg jalaq looma siin.
- Laaluusha aad ayuu u badnaa waana la caadeeystay
Laaluushka ugu badan wuxuu ka dhacay HirShabelle halkaas uu kursiga ugu qaalisan gaaray $2.5 milyan waxaana ku soo xigay Galmudug iyo Puntland (lacagta kursiga uu ku fadhiyo waxaan u xisaabinay isudarka dhammaan laaluushka ay bixiyeen musharraxiinta kursiga doondooneeysay).
Musharrax HirShabelle ku soo guuleeystay kursi baarlamaan wuxuu marqaati u sheegay in uu bixiyay $260K($150kun oo jeebkiisa ah iyo $110kun ee uu soo deynsaday) si uu kursiga u helo. Wuxuu helay 86% ee codadka. Kuwi la tartamayay waxaa ka kala baxay $150kun iyo $100kun. Taasi oo micnaheedu yahay in kursigaas uu ku fadhiyo $510kun.
Galmudug iyo Puntland sidaa si lamid ah ayey wax u dhacayeen.Marki marqaati ay weeydiisay sababta ay $300kun kursi baarlamaan ku bixinayaan, mid kamid ah ololaha musharraxiinta wuxuu sheegay in ay la xiriirto sharafta, xasaanada, iyo in ay fursad u helaan in madaxweynaha cusub ay doortaan iyagoo lacagihi ka baxay soo ceshta.
Ergada waxey cod siinayeen midka hal dollar dheeraada; doorasho walba waxaa ku guuleeysanayay midka lacagta badan. Ma cada in xaalada sidaan ahaan doonto marki xildhibaanada madaxweyne dooran doonaan, lakin labo xildhibaan oo goordhow la doortay ayaa marqaati u sheegay in lacagaha qof walba ka qaadan doonaan lakin ay u codeey doonaan cidda ay rabaan.
Qaar badan ee musharraxiinta doonaya in ay baarlamaanka galaan waxaa maalgeliyay PDP (loo yaqaan Dam Jadiid), ururkaas oo diiday in Heshiiska Daacadnimada uu saxiixo. Musharraxi hore loo soo sheegay ee $260kun ku bixiyay laaluush, wuxuu sheegay in madaxweynaha naf ahaantiisa uu u sheegay in uu maalgelin doono lakin weli uusan lacagti dib u arag.
In kastoo lacagaha dawladda la leexsaday 18ki bil ee u dambeeysay si doorasho loogu galo, taasi oo ka cad mushaarka ciidamada oo marar fara kutiris ah la bixiyay iyo dhulalka dawladda oo si indo la’aan ah loo suuq geeyay, xisbiga talada haya kuraas badan kuma uusan guuleeysan, taasi oo muujineeysa in lacag ka yar mucaaradka in ay istcimaaleen (waxaa muuqata in doorashada madaxweynaha ay lacagaha dib ugu dhiganayaan).
Xildhibaano kale ee jeebkooda ku soo galay waxay sheegen in ay filayaan in ay soo ceshtaan ‘maalgashigooda’ marki doorashada madaxweynaha ay dacdo. Cod-cod hadii loo fiiriyo, wuxuu noqon doonaa doorashada calaamka ugu qaalisan.
- Tirada lagu kala guuleeystay aad ayey u weeyneeyd marki musuqmaasuq laga soo sheego
Waxaa hoos ku xusan nuqul kamid ah doorashooyinka, kaasi oo muujinaya tiro laga naxo ee musharraxiin ah oo ku guuleeystay in ka badan 80%, iyo qaar badan oo ku guuleeystay 100% – taasi oo ah arrin aan tirakoob ahaan suurtogal u aheyn haddii ay tahay doorasho xor ah oo sinnaan ay jirto. Tirokoobka hadii loo eego, waxaa la rabaa in tartamada intooda badan lagu kala badiyo 1 cod iyo ugu badnaan saddex meelood laba, marar aad dhif u ahna dadka qaar ay helaan 80% iyo kabadan.
Qiimeeyn aan ku sameynay 98 tartan, waxaan aragnay 89 tartan ee uu midka guuleystay uu helay 78.4% ama kabadan, oo ay kamid yihiin 58 qof oo heshay inta u dhaxeysa 84% iyo 98%, laba kursi aanan loo tartamin (kuwi ka soo horjeeday daqiiqada u dambeysay ayey si shaki leh u tanaasuleen); iyo 15 waxay heleen 100% ee codadka.
Tani micnaheedu waxa weye in kabadan 76% musharraxiinta waxa ay heleen inta u dhaxeyso 84% ilaa iyo 100%, mana ahan arrin caqligal ah.
In kastoo liiska hoos ku xusan uusan ka tarjumin guud ahaan natiijooyinka aan sida caadiga ah caqli galka ku aheyn (waa nuqul ay ku jiraan 9 ka hooseeyso 78% oo macquul ah). Xisaabteeyna waxay ina tusaysaa in 1% natiijooyinka lagu kala adkaaday in kabadan 78% ay si caadi ah ku imaan karaan.
Hirshabelle:
| Magaca Guuleystaha | Codadka | Boqolkiiba | Aqalka |
| Abdiqadir Ossoble | 34 | 66.6666667 | Hoose |
| Maxamed Abukar Islow (Ducaale) | 48 | 94.1176471 | Hoose |
| C/salaan Sheekh Xasan Barsane | 29 | 56.8627451 | Hoose |
| Cusmaan Maxamed Cabdi | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose |
| C/laahi maxamed nuur | 28 | 54.9019608 | Hoose |
| Maryan ahmed haruun | 38 | 74.5098039 | Hoose |
| Maxamud c/laahi Ahmed | 38 | 74.5098039 | Hoose |
| farxiyo maxamuud dhaqane | 43 | 84.3137255 | Hoose |
| Maxaedm c/laahi nuux | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
| Muuse Suudi Yalaxow | 91 | 92.8571429 | Sare |
| Prof Cusmaan Maxamuud Dufle | 85 | 86.7346939 | Sare |
| Cusmaan Axmed Macow | 73 | 74.4897959 | Sare |
| Cusmaan Maxamed Cabdi | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose |
| Maxamed cali nuur | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
| C/shakuur cali mire | 49 | 96.0784314 | Hoose |
| farxiyo maxamuud dhaqane | 43 | 84.3137255 | Hoose |
| Maxaedm c/laahi nuux | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
Galmudug:
| Magaca Guuleystaha | Codadka | Boqolkiiba | Aqalka | |
| C/qaadir Gaafow Maxamuud | 51 | 100 | Hoose | |
| Yuusuf xeyle | 48 | 94.11764706 | Hoose | |
| Naciimo maxamed cali | 45 | 88.23529412 | Hoose | |
| Saciid Nuur Qayliye Giriish | 50 | 98.03921569 | Hoose | |
| Saabir Nuur Shuuriye | 45 | 88.23529412 | Hoose | |
| Mahad Maxamed Salaad | 40 | 78.43137255 | Hoose | |
| Qaasim Maxamed Jaamac | 51 | 100 | Hoose | |
| Duniyo Maxamed Ali | 44 | 86.2745098 | Hoose | |
| mustaf sheekh cali dhuxulow | 47 | 92.15686275 | Hoose | |
| Xuseen Qaasim Yuusuf | 49 | 96.07843137 | Hoose | |
| Xasan Macalin Maxamud | 48 | 94.11764706 | Hoose | |
| mustaf sheekh cali dhuxulow | 47 | 92.15686275 | Hoose | |
| Cabdulaahi Cali Axmed | 40 | 78.43137255 | Hoose | |
| Maxamed Cabdule Faarax | 40 | 78.43137255 | Hoose | |
| Xersi Aadan Rooble | 49 | 96.07843137 | Hoose | |
| cabdiraxmaan maxamed xuseen | 46 | 90.19607843 | Hoose | |
| Maryan Cariif Qaasim | 45 | 88.23529412 | Hoose | |
| Cabdiwali Maxamed Qanyare | 49 | 96.07843137 | Hoose | |
| Cabdicasiis Cilmi Cali | 41 | 80.39215686 | Hoose | |
| Ikraan Aadan | 43 | 84.31372549 | Hoose | |
| Axmed Macalin Fiqi Axmed | 47 | 92.15686275 | Hoose | |
| Maryam Xaaji Cabdi Geedi | 48 | 94.11764706 | Hoose | |
| Maryam Maxamed Xuseen | 48 | 94.11764706 | Hoose | |
| maxamed axemd abtidoon | 41 | 80.39215686 | Hoose | |
Puntland:
| Magaca Guuleystaha | Codadka | Boqolkiiba | Aqalka | |
| Cali yuusuf cali xoosh | 49 | 96.07843137 | Hoose | |
| Cumar Cabdirashiid Cali sharmaarke | 47 | 71.21212121 | Sare | |
| Cabdiraxmaan Sheekh Maxamed Maxamud Farole | 59 | 89.39393939 | Sare | |
| Cabdisalaam Xaaji Maxamuud Dheere | 50 | 75.75757576 | Sare | |
| Maxamud Axmed Maxamud Mashruuc | 56 | 84.84848485 | Sare | |
| Siciido Xasan Cismaan | 41 | 62.12121212 | Sare | |
| Maxamed Cabdikaafi Maxamed | 45 | 88.23529412 | Hoose | |
| Xaawo Yuusuf Axmed | 40 | 78.43137255 | Hoose | |
| Sharmaake Garaad Saleeman | 50 | 98.03921569 | Hoose | |
| Sacdiya Samatar | 49 | 96.07843137 | Hoose | |
| Maxamed Xaaji Geele | 49 | 96.07843137 | Hoose | |
Southwest:
| Magaca Guuleystaha | Codadka | Boqolkiiba | Aqalka |
| maxamed shiid cusmaan jawaari | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
| c/laahi shiiq ismaaciil | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| maxamed saciid Abdulaahi | 40 | 78.4313725 | Hoose |
| C/laahi cumar Abshir | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| shiiq Aadan maxamed Nuur | 49 | 96.0784314 | Hoose |
| sayid cali c/qaadir macalin | 49 | 96.0784314 | Hoose |
| maxamed jaamac mursal geelle | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
| Maxamed axmed mursal qoomaal | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| Aaadan ibraahim ibraahim dhaa yoow | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| Cali Aadan eylow | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| Shiiq shaacir axmed | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| Ibraahim yaroow isaaq | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| Raabaca sheekh nuuroow | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| Fowsiyo maxamed sheekh | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| cabduqaadir shariif xasan sheekh Aadan | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose |
| Shariif maxamed cabdulaahi | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
| Samra cumar ibraahim | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
| Cabdi casis lafta gareen | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
| Khaliif Duureey | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose |
Somaliland:
| Magaca Guuleystaha | Codadka | Boqolkiiba | Aqalka | |
| Mahad Cabdalla cawad | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose | |
| Maxamed Cabdi Xayir Maareeye | 51 | 100 | Hoose | |
| Aamino Axmed | 51 | 100 | Hoose | |
| Cilmi Maxamed Nuur | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose | |
| Nimco Aadan Ciise | No Contest | Hoose | ||
| Saalax Axmed Jaamac | No Contest | Hoose | ||
| Sahro Cabdqadir Cabdinasir | 48 | 94.1176471 | Hoose | |
| Jamal Xasan Ismaciil | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose | |
| Faadumo Cali | 49 | 96.0784314 | Hoose | |
| Cabdulahi Cusmaan Ducaale | 45 | 88.2352941 | Hoose | |
Jubbaland:
| Magaca Guuleystaha | Codadka | Boqolkiiba | Aqalka |
| Cabdulahi Maxamed Adan | 44 | 86.2745098 | Hoose |
| Cabdiraxmaan Kulmiye Xirsi | 48 | 94.1176471 | Hoose |
| Cabdiqaadir Sheekh Cali Ibraahim | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose |
| Axmed Cismaan Ibraahim | 49 | 96.0784314 | Hoose |
| Maxamed Cabdulahi Gaandi | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose |
| Sheekh Nuur Maxamed Xasan | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
| Cabdiqaadir Sheekh Cali | 50 | 98.0392157 | Hoose |
| Axmed Cusmaan Ibraahim | 49 | 96.0784314 | Hoose |
| Cabdiraxmaan Kulmiye Xirsi | 48 | 94.1176471 | Hoose |
| Adan Isaaq | 40 | 78.4313725 | Hoose |
Banadir:
| Magaca Guuleystaha | Codadka | Boqolkiiba | Aqalka |
| Fahmo Axmed Nuur | 51 | 100 | Hoose |
Talooyin
- Doorashooyinka ay diideen guddiga xallinta khilaafaadka waa in aanan loo oggolaan in la sharciyeeyo. Tani waxey keeni doontaa in geedi socodka in uu noqdo mid sharciyaddisa ay ka hoos marto inta daciifka ah ee uu hadda leeyahay.
- U diyaar garowga doorashooyinka 2020/1 waa in ay hadda bilaabataa. marqaati waxay bilaabi doontaa ololoheeda in doorashooyinka ay noqdaan xor oo loo sinnaado marki ay doorashadan dhammaato. Sidaas haddii aanan la yeelin, doorasho hadalkeeda dib ayaa loo dhigo doonaa illaa ay hoggaamiyeyaasha ka dhihi karaan ‘waqti ma heysano’ oo doorasho guud lagu abaabulo sida sanadki hore ay dhacday.
- Nidaamka ku saleysan in madaxweynaha baarlamanka ay soo doortaan waxaa uu xaqiiji doonaa in musuqmaasuq uu caado ka noqdo siyaasadda Soomaaliya; dadka madaxweyne u tartamaya laaluush ayey siin doonaan dadka xildhibaanada ah si kastaba halagu soo doortee baarlamaanka. marqaati waxey soo jeedineysaa in dastuurka la bedelo oo laga dhigo in dadweynaha ay si toos ah u doortaan dhammaan hoggaamiyeyaasha siyaasadda.
- Hay’adaha bulshada rayidka ah ee Soomaaliyeed waa in ay geesi noqdaan oo ay ka qeyb qaataan lasocodka iyo faaqidaadda doorashooyinka. Aamusnaanta waxey calaamad u tahay ka raali noqoshada.
- Qaswadeyaasha iyo madaxda siyaasadda ee wada is-horistaagga islaxisaabtanka yar ee hadda dhacay waa in bulshada caalamka ay cunaqabateeysaa.
Gunaanad
Fashil siyaasadeed ee heer walba leh ayaa keenay in dib u dhacdo iyo in ay wiiqdo geedi scodka doorashooynka dadban. Si dib loogu hanto wax u dhigma sharciyad, waa in ay dhacdaa islaxisaabtan ku aadan tacaddiyada dhacay.